Eyelid surgery in children is not as common as in adults, but there are specific conditions that may require surgical intervention to improve the function and appearance of the eyes. Two of the most common eyelid conditions in children are congenital ptosis and epiblepharon. Both conditions can impact a child’s vision and quality of life. In this article, we’ll explore these conditions and the role of eyelid surgery in addressing them, including ptosis surgery in Singapore and potential treatments.
What is Congenital Ptosis?
Congenital ptosis refers to a condition where a child is born with drooping eyelids. This condition occurs when the muscles responsible for lifting the eyelids do not develop correctly or are weak. In some cases, only one eyelid droops, while in others, both eyelids are affected. Ptosis can be mild or severe and may lead to vision problems if left untreated.
In children, ptosis can result in amblyopia (lazy eye) if the eyelid obstructs the line of vision. As a result, children with congenital ptosis may have difficulty seeing clearly, leading to developmental delays in visual processing and other related challenges.
What is Epiblepharon?
Epiblepharon is a condition in which the skin folds of the eyelid cause the lashes to rub against the cornea, often leading to irritation and discomfort. Unlike ptosis, which involves the eyelid drooping, epiblepharon is typically characterised by a horizontal fold of skin adjacent to the lash line. This skin fold can cause the eyelashes to turn inward and rub against the eye.
Epiblepharon is often more common in children of Asian descent, and while it may improve with age, it can cause significant discomfort if the eyelashes consistently irritate the cornea. In some cases, it may also lead to corneal abrasions or infections if left alone. Studies have also shown higher degrees of astigmatism in children with epiblepharon.
The Role of Eyelid Surgery in Children
When dealing with congenital ptosis or epiblepharon, early assessment is key to preventing long-term complications such as vision problems. For children with severe ptosis, droopy eyelid surgery at an early age may be necessary to correct the drooping eyelid and improve vision. Ptosis surgery is a common procedure performed by skilled ophthalmologists to help children with this condition. As for epiblepharon, surgery is indicated if spontaneous resolution is not seen after the age of 7 years. Severe cases may require earlier surgical intervention.
Ptosis Surgery in Children
Ptosis surgery aims to shorten the muscle that lifts the eyelid, improving its position and function. Sometimes, sling materials may be used to help lift the eyelid. The goal of surgery is to improve the child’s vision while also allowing for a cosmetic improvement, the latter helping to restore confidence in a young child. In most cases, the procedure is performed under general anaesthesia although local anaesthesia with sedation may be sufficient for the older teenager and above.
After ptosis surgery, children typically experience a short recovery period, although they may need to avoid eye rubbing or strenuous activities for a few weeks. Following the procedure, the child’s eyelids will be better positioned, allowing for improved vision and less obstruction. In congenital ptosis, there are post-operative features that the child and parents must accept. Specifically, this refers to incomplete eye closure and an upper eyelid that sits higher than the normal eyelid in downgaze. These features are more prominent in those with more severe degrees of congenital ptosis. The oculoplastic surgeon will discuss these anticipated features with the family prior to the surgery to avoid any misunderstandings.
Eyelid Surgery for Epiblepharon
In cases of epiblepharon, eyelid surgery may be required to remove or reposition the excess skin fold, allowing the eyelashes to return to a normal position. This surgery is generally less invasive than ptosis surgery, and recovery time is typically shorter. However, the procedure must be performed carefully to prevent damage to the delicate structures of the eye. In more severe cases, a redraping technique that involves a medial epicanthoplasty may be required to allow all lashes to be turned outwards.
The Importance of Early Diagnosis and Treatment
Both congenital ptosis and epiblepharon can lead to significant visual and developmental challenges in children if left untreated. Early diagnosis and intervention are essential to prevent these issues from affecting a child’s vision and overall development. Parents concerned about their child’s eyelid health should consult with a professional to assess the situation and determine the best course of action.
Conclusion
Eyelid surgery in children is sometimes necessary to treat conditions such as congenital ptosis and epiblepharon. In cases of ptosis, ptosis surgery in Singapore can help restore the function of the eyelid and improve vision, while surgery for epiblepharon can alleviate discomfort caused by inward-turning eyelashes. If you suspect that your child may have one of these conditions, it’s important to seek professional guidance to ensure early diagnosis and effective treatment.
For expert care in eyelid surgery, visit Ava Eye Clinic, where our team of skilled surgeons can provide tailored treatment options to meet your child’s needs. Get in touch today for more information.